Main subject areas
The subject of English is structured into main subject areas with competence aims. The main subject areas supplement each other and must be considered together.
The subject of English is a common core subject for all the upper secondary education programmes. Learning in this subject shall therefore be made as relevant as possible for pupils by adapting each subject to the different education programmes.
English has competence aims after the second, fourth, seventh and tenth years in primary and lower secondary school and after the first year in the programmes for general studies (Vg1) or after the second year of a vocational education programmes (Vg2).
Overview of main subject areas:
Year | Main subject areas | |||
1–10 Vg1 Vg2 (vocational education programme) | Language learning | Oral communication | Written communication | Culture, society and literature |
Language learning
The main subject area Language learning focuses on what is involved in learning a new language and seeing relationships between English, one's native language and other languages. It covers knowledge about the language, language usage and insight into one's own language learning. The ability to evaluate own language usage and learning needs and to select suitable strategies and working methods is useful when learning and using the English language.
Oral communication
The main subject area Oral communication deals with understanding and using the English language by listening, speaking, conversing and applying suitable communication strategies. The main subject area involves developing a vocabulary and using idiomatic structures and grammatical patterns when speaking and conversing. It also covers learning to speak clearly and to use the correct intonation.
The main subject area involves listening to, understand and using English in different situations where communication needs to be done orally. General politeness and awareness of social norms in different situations are also an important element. This also involves adapting the language to purposeful objectives and adapting the language to the recipient, i.e. by distinguishing between formal and informal spoken language.
The use of different media and resources and the development of a linguistic repertoire across subjects and topics are also key elements of the main subject area.
Written communication
The main subject area Written communication deals with understanding and using English language through reading, writing and using suitable reading and writing strategies.
The main subject area includes reading a variety of different texts in English to stimulate the joy of reading, to experience greater understanding and to acquire knowledge. This involves reading a large quantity of literature to promote language understanding and competence in the use of text. Reading different types of texts can lay the foundation for personal growth, maturation and creativity and provide the inspiration necessary to create texts.
The main subject area includes writing different texts in English in different situations where written communication is necessary to stimulate the joy of writing, to experience greater understanding and to acquire knowledge. This also involves adapting the language to purposeful objectives and to the recipient, i.e. by distinguishing between formal and informal written language. The main subject area involves developing a vocabulary and using orthography, idiomatic structures and grammatical patterns when writing. It also covers creating structure, coherence and concise meaning in texts.
The use of different media and resources and the development of a linguistic repertoire across subjects and topics are also key elements of the main subject area.
Culture, society and literature
The main subject area Culture, society and literature focuses on cultural understanding in a broad sense. It is based on the English-speaking countries and covers key topics connected to social issues, literature and other cultural expressions. This main area also involves developing knowledge about English as a world language with many areas of use.
The main subject area involves working with and discussing expository texts, literary texts and cultural forms of expression from different media. This is essential to develop knowledge about, understanding of and respect for the lives and cultures of other people.
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